Medical pulasitiki jekeseni nkhungu ndi akamaumba
Kufotokozera Kwachidule:
MESTECH imapanga chipulasitiki cha jekeseni wa pulasitiki ndi jekeseni. Zazikuluzikulu zake ndi izi: Jakisoni wa jakisoni, jakisoni wotsekemera, cholumikizira, chivundikiro cha pulasitiki, udzu, bokosi lazachipatala, chidebe, zida zopangira opaleshoni, zingwe zapulasitiki, singano yapulasitiki, bokosi lazida, chida chodziwitsa ndi nyumba zothandizira, komanso malo ena azachipatala .
MESTECH imapanga chipulasitiki cha jekeseni wa pulasitiki ndi jekeseni. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu ndi izi:
Jakisoni wa jakisoni, syringe yotayidwa, cholumikizira, chivundikiro cha pulasitiki, udzu, bokosi lazachipatala, chidebe, zida zopangira opaleshoni, zingwe zomenyera, singano ya pulasitiki, bokosi lazida, chida chodziwitsa ndi nyumba zothandizira, komanso zida zina zachipatala.
Pali miyezo yambiri yopangira nkhungu zachipatala. Pafupifupi chilichonse chosiyanasiyana chimakhala ndi miyezo yosiyana. China ndiomwe amapanga nkhungu zachipatala zapadziko lonse lapansi. Chofunikira cha nkhungu zachipatala ndichokwera kwambiri. Mulingo waukulu wopangira umakhala wazogulitsa, monga zinthu zambiri zamankhwala zophatikizika ndi ma Ruhr. Izi ndizomwe zimapangidwira. Ngati fakitale ya nkhungu silingamvetse izi, zikhala zovuta. Palinso zambiri miyezo nkhungu ndi muyezo dziko la kukula mankhwala, amene ali makamaka kupanga zonse basi, Mipikisano M'mimbamo, ndipo palibe burr zouluka m'mphepete.
Common Medical jekeseni akamaumba Zamgululi
1. Mapaipi a Hemodialysis, chigoba chopumira, chubu cha mpweya wa okosijeni, chotengera chamagazi, ndi zina zambiri.
2. Matako opangira, mawondo ndi mapewa.
3. Kuyika, syringe, syringe yotayidwa, cholumikizira, chivundikiro cha pulasitiki chowonekera, pipette,
4. Makapu, zisoti, mabotolo, zodzikongoletsera, ma hanger, zoseweretsa, zolowa m'malo mwa PVC, kulongedza chakudya ndi matumba azachipatala
Zida za 5.kuthandizira, tambala wovina, singano zapulasitiki, mabokosi azida, zida zowunikira ndi zothandizira kumva, makamaka nyumba za zida zina zamankhwala zazikulu
6. Zosefera zama dialysis, zopangira zida zopangira opaleshoni komanso akasinja a oxygen, mitsempha yamagazi yopangira
7. Mitsempha yamagazi yokumba, zingwe zamtima, ma endoscopes, forceps, trachea
Zofunikira pazinthu zamapulasitiki zamankhwala
Zigawo zopangira pulasitiki sizingakhudzidwe ndi madzi kapena thupi la munthu, ndipo sizipangitsa poizoni ndi kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo ndi ziwalo. Alibe poizoni komanso alibe vuto m'thupi la munthu. Chofunikira pama pulasitiki azamankhwala ndikukhazikika kwamankhwala komanso kusasamala chifukwa cholumikizana ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi kapena thupi la munthu. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti zachilengedwe zatetezedwa ndi mapulasitiki azachipatala, mapulasitiki azachipatala omwe amagulitsidwa pamsika amatsimikiziridwa ndikuyesedwa ndi azachipatala, ndikudziwitsa ogwiritsa ntchito bwino mtundu wa mankhwala.
Pakadali pano, zida zingapo zamankhwala zamankhwala sizinatsimikizidwe kuti ndizotetezera, koma pakukula kwamalamulo pang'onopang'ono, izi zithandizidwa. Mapulasitiki azachipatala ku United States nthawi zambiri amapititsa chitsimikizo cha FDA ndi kuyesa kwachilengedwe kwa USPVI, pomwe mapulasitiki azachipatala ku China amakhalanso ndi malo oyeserera zida zamankhwala. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ndi mphamvu ya zida za zida, timasankha mtundu woyenera wa pulasitiki ndi mtundu, ndikudziwitsa ukadaulo wazinthu zopangira. Izi ndizophatikizira magwiridwe antchito, mphamvu zama makina, mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito, njira yamisonkhano, yolera yotseketsa ndi zina zambiri.
zipinda zamapulasitiki zamankhwala
Mbali pulasitiki mankhwala
Pali zofunika zina pakapangidwe kazopanga zamankhwala zamankhwala
Mankhwala apulasitiki azachipatala nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi jekeseni wa jekeseni, womwe umafuna osati zida za pulasitiki zokha zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso chilengedwe cha jekeseni wopangira zinthu zosiyanasiyana zamapulasitiki.
Kwa thupi lamunthu kapena zotengera ndi ma syringe okhala ndi mankhwala ndi zakumwa, chilengedwe chimakhala chopanda fumbi, ndipo kapangidwe kake ndikupaka kwake kumayendetsedwa mosavomerezeka. Pazida ndi zida zina zodziwika bwino zamankhwala, zofunikira za chipolopolocho zimamasuka kwambiri, chifukwa zimatha kupangidwa m'malo opangira zinthu.
Gulu la mapulasitiki azachipatala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
Mapulasitiki atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapulasitiki azachipatala ndi mtengo wotsika, osaphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikugwiritsanso ntchito, komanso oyenera kupanga zida zachipatala zomwe zitha kutayika; ndizosavuta kukonza, ndipo zimatha kukonzedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki, pomwe chitsulo ndi magalasi ndizovuta kupanga zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi zovuta; ndi yolimba komanso yotanuka, osalimba ngati galasi; zabwino mankhwala inertia ndi zopangira. Chitetezo cha malonda.
Izi zimapangitsa ma pulasitiki kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zamankhwala, kuphatikiza polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), ABS, polyurethane, polyamide, thermoplastic elastomer, polysulfone ndi polyetheretherketone. Kuphatikiza kumatha kukonza zinthu zapulasitiki ndikupanga polycarbonate / ABS, polypropylene / elastomer ndi ma resin ena kukhala ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri.
Mapulasitiki asanu ndi atatu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) ndi utomoni wa K, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC) ndi polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Pambuyo pakuphatikizika kwa mapulasitiki wamba, onse ndi ufa wa ufa ndipo sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu mwachindunji. Izi ndi zomwe anthu amakonda kunena kuchokera mumitengo. Mafuta otulutsidwa mu msuzi ndi ofanana, amadziwikanso kuti utomoni, womwe umadziwikanso kuti ufa. Ichi ndi pulasitiki wangwiro. Ili ndi kutaya madzi pang'ono, kukhazikika kwamatenthedwe, kukalamba kosavuta komanso kuwonongeka, ndipo sikulimbana ndi ukalamba wazachilengedwe.
Mapulasitiki asanu ndi atatu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) ndi utomoni wa K, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC) ndi polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Pambuyo pakuphatikizika kwa mapulasitiki wamba, onse ndi ufa wa ufa ndipo sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu mwachindunji. Izi ndi zomwe anthu amakonda kunena kuchokera mumitengo. Mafuta otulutsidwa mu msuzi ndi ofanana, amadziwikanso kuti utomoni, womwe umadziwikanso kuti ufa. Ichi ndi pulasitiki wangwiro. Ili ndi kutaya madzi pang'ono, kukhazikika kwamatenthedwe, kukalamba kosavuta komanso kuwonongeka, ndipo sikulimbana ndi ukalamba wazachilengedwe.
Pofuna kukonza zolakwikazi, zowonjezera zowonjezera, zopewera kukalamba, ma anti-ultraviolet othandizira ndi ma plasticizers amawonjezeredwa mu ufa wa utomoni. Pambuyo kusinthidwa granulation, fluidity ufa utomoni ndi chinawonjezeka, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapulasitiki ndi katundu wapadera ndi sukulu zosiyanasiyana amapangidwa. Mapulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi opanga zida zamankhwala amasinthidwa ndimitundu ya pulasitiki yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwachindunji. Pazogulitsa zomwe zili ndi zinthu zapadera zomwe sizikupezeka pamsika, mafakitale opanga zida amatha kuyambitsa mizere yopanga granulation kuti akonze ndikupanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mapangidwe kudzera mumapangidwe osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, pali mitundu yambiri yamapulasitiki omwewo. Malinga ndi njira yokonzekera, pali kalasi ya jakisoni, kalasi ya extrusion ndi kalasi yamafilimu; malinga ndi magwiridwe antchito, pali zopangidwa zambiri,
Mapulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ndi awa:
1. Polyvinyl mankhwala enaake (PVC)
Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kwamsika, pafupifupi 25% yazinthu zamapulasitiki azachipatala ndi PVC. PVC ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri zapulasitiki padziko lapansi. Utomoni wa PVC wa ufa wonyezimira kapena wonyezimira, wowoneka bwino wa PVC, wolimba komanso wowuma, wosagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana zitha kuwonjezeredwa malinga ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuti ziwalo za pulasitiki za PVC zikhale ndi matupi osiyanasiyana komanso makina. Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zolimba, zofewa komanso zowonekera zitha kupangidwa powonjezera kuchuluka kwa pulasitiki ku utomoni wa PVC.
Okhwima PVC mulibe kapena mulibe pang'ono plasticizer. Ili ndi mawonekedwe olimba, opindika, opanikizika komanso okhudzidwa, ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chokhacho chokha. PVC Yofewa imakhala ndi ma plasticizers ambiri. Kufewa kwake, kutambasula nthawi yopuma komanso kukana kuzizira kumawonjezeka, koma kulimba mtima kwake, kulimba kwake komanso kulimba kwamphamvu kumachepa. Kuchuluka kwake kwa PVC yoyera ndi 1.4g / cm3. Kuchuluka kwake kwa magawo a PVC okhala ndi ma plasticizers ndi ma filler nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa 1.15-20 g / cm3. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa chotsika mtengo, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ndikusavuta. Ntchito zamankhwala pazinthu za PVC zikuphatikiza: payipi ya hemodialysis, chigoba chopumira, chubu cha oxygen, ndi zina zambiri.
2. Polyethylene (Pe):
Pulasitiki wa polyethylene ndiye zokolola zochuluka kwambiri m'makampani apulasitiki. Ali ndi mkaka woyera, wopanda fungo, komanso wonyezimira wonyezimira. Amadziwika ndi mtengo wotsika komanso magwiridwe antchito. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani, zaulimi, zonyamula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse. Imagwira gawo lofunikira pamakampani apulasitiki.
PE imaphatikizaponso polyethylene yotsika (LDPE), polyethylene (HDPE) yolemera kwambiri komanso polyethylene yolemera kwambiri (uhdpe). HDPE ili ndi unyolo wochepa wa nthambi, kulemera kwakukulu kwa maselo, khungu ndi kachulukidwe, kuuma kwakukulu ndi mphamvu, kuwonongeka koyipa komanso malo osungunuka kwambiri. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira jekeseni. LDPE ili ndi maunyolo ambiri okhala ndi nthambi, chifukwa chake imakhala ndi kulemera pang'ono kwama cell, kuchepa kwamakristali ndi kachulukidwe, ndipo imasinthasintha bwino, imakhudza kukana ndikuwonekera poyera. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makanema ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito moyerekeza ndi PVC. HDPE ndi LDPE amathanso kusakanizidwa malinga ndi zomwe akufuna kuchita. Uhdpe imakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu, kutsutsana pang'ono, kupsinjika kwakanthawi kochepa komanso mawonekedwe abwino amagetsi, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu choyenera kuphatikizira chiuno,
3. Polypropylene (PP)
Polypropylene ndi yopanda mtundu, yopanda tanthauzo komanso yopanda poizoni. Chimawoneka ngati polyethylene, koma ndichowonekera bwino komanso chopepuka kuposa polyethylene. PP ndi mtundu wa thermoplastic wokhala ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri. Zili ndi ubwino wa mphamvu yokoka yaying'ono (0.9g / cm3), yopanda poizoni, yosavuta kukonza, kukana kukhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kosavuta. Ili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikiza matumba oluka, makanema, mabokosi azotuluka, zida zoteteza waya, zoseweretsa, ma bumpers agalimoto, ulusi, makina ochapira, ndi zina zambiri.
Medical PP ili ndi chiwonetsero chokwanira, chotchinga chabwino komanso kukana kwa ma radiation, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zamankhwala ndi mafakitale. Zomwe sizinali za PVC zokhala ndi PP monga thupi lalikulu ndizoyimira zinthu za PVC zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pano.
4. Polystyrene (PS) ndi K resin
PS ndiye pulasitiki wachitatu wamkulu pambuyo pa PVC ndi PE. Nthawi zambiri amasinthidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pulasitiki imodzi. Makhalidwe ake akulu ndi kulemera kopepuka, kowonekera, kosavuta kutaya ndi mawonekedwe abwino ndi kukonza. Chifukwa chake, PS imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapulasitiki apatsiku ndi tsiku, zida zamagetsi, zida zamagetsi ndi zinthu zamaphunziro. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kolimba komanso kosalala komanso koyefishienti yayikulu yakukula kwamatenthedwe, momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito mu uinjiniya ndi ochepa.
M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, ma polystyrene osinthidwa ndi ma styrene opangidwa ndi ma pololymers apangidwa, omwe pamlingo wina amathetsa zolakwika za polystyrene. Utomoni wa potaziyamu ndi amodzi mwa iwo. Ntchito yayikulu pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku imaphatikizapo makapu, zipewa, mabotolo, zokutira zodzikongoletsera, zopachika, zoseweretsa, zolowa m'malo mwa PVC, kulongedza chakudya ndi ma CD a mankhwala.
5. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS)
ABS ili ndi kukhwimitsa, kuuma, kukana kukhudzidwa, kukana mankhwala, kutentha kwa radiation ndi kuthira mankhwala a ethylene oxide. ABS imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zamankhwala monga zida zopangira opaleshoni, matumba a ngoma, singano zapulasitiki, bokosi lazida, zida zowunikira ndi chipolopolo chothandizira kumva, makamaka pazida zina zazikulu zamankhwala. M'madera azachipatala, ABS nthawi zambiri imakonzedwa ndi jekeseni, ndipo pafupifupi palibe kugwiritsa ntchito kuwombera kanema ndi chitoliro extrusion.
6. Polycarbonate (PC)
Makhalidwe a PC ndi kulimba, mphamvu, kuuma komanso kutentha kwa nthunzi, zomwe zimapangitsa PC kusankha koyamba pa fyuluta ya hemodialysis, chida chogwiritsira ntchito ndi thanki ya oxygen (chidacho chingachotse kaboni dayokisa m'magazi ndikuwonjezera mpweya panthawi yopanga mtima) . Ntchito PC mu mankhwala monga singano zochepa jekeseni dongosolo, perfusion chida, centrifuge magazi ndi pisitoni. Chifukwa chowonekera bwino kwambiri, magalasi wamba a myopia amapangidwa ndi PC.
7. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
PTFE utomoni ndi ufa woyera ndi mawonekedwe waxy, yosalala ndi sanali ndodo. PTFE imadziwika kuti "mfumu yamapulasitiki" chifukwa cha zida zake zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kufananizidwa ndi mapulasitiki ena otentha. Ili ndi koyefishienti yotsika kwambiri pakati pa pulasitiki ndipo ili ndi biocompatibility yabwino. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira mitsempha yamagazi yopangira ndi zida zina zomwe zimayikidwa mwachindunji m'thupi la munthu. Ndizovuta kuthana nazo. Ufawu umakonda kuzizira ndikulowetsamo kenaka sintered kapena extruded. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti wopanga zida azipanga izi. Ngati kuchuluka kwake kuli kochepa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugule mwachindunji.
8. Polyamide (PA)
Cholinga: payipi, cholumikizira, adapter, pisitoni.
